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Tympanometry
Definition
Tympanometry is a test used to detect problems in the middle ear.
Alternative Names
Tympanogram
How the Test is Performed
Before the test, your health care provider will look inside your ear to make sure nothing is blocking the eardrum.
Next, a device is placed into your ear. This device changes the air pressure in your ear and makes the eardrum move back and forth. A machine records the results on graphs called tympanograms.
How to Prepare for the Test
You should not move, speak, or swallow during the test. Such movements can change the pressure in the middle ear and give incorrect test results.
The sounds heard during the test may be loud and potentially startling. You will need to try very hard to avoid being anxious and becoming startled during the test. If your child is to have this test done it may be helpful to show how the test is done using a doll. The more familiar your child is with what will happen and why, the less anxiety he or she will feel.
How the Test Will Feel
There may be some discomfort while the probe is in the ear, but no harm will result. You will hear a loud tone as the measurements are taken.
Why the Test is Performed
This test measures how your ear reacts to sound and different pressures.
Normal Results
The pressure inside the middle ear can vary by a very small amount. The eardrum should look smooth.
What Abnormal Results Mean
Tympanometry may reveal any of the following:
- A tumor in the middle ear
- Fluid in the middle ear
- Impacted ear wax
- Lack of contact between the conduction bones of the middle ear
- Perforated ear drum
- Scarring of the tympanic membrane
References
Seidman MD, Simpson GT II, Khan MJ. Common problems of the ear. In: Noble J, eds. Textbook of Primary Care Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2001:chap 178.
Casselbrant ML, Mandel EM. Acute otitis media and otitismedia with effusion. In: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund LJ, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology:Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2010:chap194.
Reviewed By: Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc.
